Войны за Бога. Насилие в Библии

{84}Thomas Woolston, quoted in David M. Gunn, Judges Through the Centuries (Oxford, England: Wiley-Blackwell, 2005), 20. Указание на то, что после описанного геноцида многие народы сохранились, см. в 3 Царств 9:20–22. О ранней исторической критике этих повествований см. John William Colenso, The Pentateuch and Book of Joshua Critically Examined, 7 vols. (London: Longmans, Green, 1862–1879). Marc Zvi Brettler, The Book of Judges (New York: Routledge, 2002); Carolyn Pressler, Joshua, Judges, and Ruth (Louisville, KY: Westminster John Knox Press, 2002); Victor H. Matthews, Judges and Ruth (New York: Cambridge Univ. Press, 2004); Susan Niditch, Judges (Louisville, KY: Westminster John Knox Press, 2008).

{85}Eric A. Seibert, Disturbing Divine Behavior (Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 2009), 99–108.

{86}Neil Asher Silberman and David Small, eds., The Archaeology of Israel (Sheffield, England: Sheffield Academic Press, 1997); Robert D. Miller II, Chieftains of the Highland Clans (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2005).

{87}Steven A. Leblanc, Prehistoric Warfare in the American Southwest (Salt Lake City: Univ. of Utah Press, 1999); Christy G. Turner and Jacqueline A. Turner, Man Corn (Salt Lake City: Univ. of Utah Press, 1999); Glen E. Rice and Steven A. LeBlanc, eds., Deadly Landscapes (Salt Lake City: Univ. of Utah Press, 2001).

{88}William G. Dever, Who Were the Early Israelites, and Where Did They Come From? (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2003), 29–74.

{89}Цитата из Dever, Who Were the Early Israelites? 71, курсив оригинала; William G. Dever, What Did the Biblical Writers Know, and When Did They Know It? (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2001).

{90}Amy Dockser Marcus, The View from Nebo (Boston, MA: Little Brown, 2000); Seymour Gitin, J. Edward Wright, and J. P. Dessel, eds., Confronting the Past (Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2006).

{91}Robert Drews, The End of the Bronze Age (Princeton, NJ: Princeton Univ. Press, 1993); Lester L. Grabbe, ed., Israel in Transition, vol. 1 (New York: T&T Clark, 2008).

{92}Eliezer D. Oren, ed., The Sea Peoples and Their World (Philadelphia: University Museum, Univ. of Pennsylvania, 2000); Oliver Dickinson, The Aegean from Bronze Age to Iron Age (New York: Routledge, 2006); Marc Van De Mieroop, The Eastern Mediterranean in the Age of Ramesses II (Oxford: Blackwell, 2007); Assaf Yasur-Landau, The Philistines and Aegean Migration at the End of the Late Bronze Age (Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, 2010).

{93}Baruch Halpern, The Emergence of Israel in Canaan (Chico, Calif.: Scholars Press, 1983); Israel Finkelstein, The Archaeology of the Israelite Settlement (Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society, 1988); Jonathan N. Tubb, Canaanites (London: British Museum Press, 1998); Israel Finkelstein and Neil Asher Silberman, The Bible Unearthed (New York: Free Press, 2001); K. L. Noll, Canaan and Israel in Antiquity (New York: Sheffield Academic Press, 2001); Jonathan M. Golden, Ancient Canaan and Israel (Santa Barbara, Calif.: ABC–Clio, 2004); Israel Finkelstein and Amihai Mazar, The Quest for the Historical Israel, ed. Brian B. Schmidt (Leiden, Netherlands: Brill, 2007); Richard S. Hess, Gerald A. Klingbeil, and Paul J. Ray Jr., eds., Critical Issues in Early Israelite History (Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2008).

{94}Цитата из Dever, Who Were the Early Israelites? 182; Ann E. Killebrew, Biblical Peoples and Ethnicity (Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, 2005). Теория, согласно которой Израиль возник в результате масштабного восстания рабов в Египте, — см. Norman K. Gottwald, The Tribes of Yahweh (Sheffield, England: Sheffield Academic Press, 1999, 20th anniversary edition); Avi Faust, Israel’s Ethnogenesis (Oakville, CT: Equinox, 2006).

{95}Сравни James C. Scott, The Art of Not Being Governed (New Haven, CT: Yale Univ. Press, 2009).