Upb^ f bfl elZl aemf[Klmj jmà ephjl F_hapejl. Bmh`pje\ il hl`[T
f[hp_nT aepLmij nifmhjnLnT 99C f F_pip`n_^, f elhV>jm il pbipUp
elYpjlMJmUp Fjpj ap_lZljmcX f bfl elZl inPm hembimUp ap 4I n 21-m
`mhjp hembn 27 hjeli 4I. ImUpbi\Ki\\ nifmhjnLnpiil\ apcnjn_l
im `pPmj bljX apcpPnjmcXi[R emZ^cXjljpf, jl_ _l_ YpcXKnihjfp
niphjeliipUp n `mhjipUp _lanjlcl nifmhjne^mjh\ f imbfnPn`phjX
(Zm`c\, PncX>, pDnh[ n j.a.), l im f elZfnjnm aepnZfpbhjfl. ; _l_
fmimL fhm`^ – hl`l\ f[hp_l\ niDc\Ln\ hembn fhmR hjeli 4I, _pjp-
el\ ^Pm aemf[hncl 10 aepLmijpf (!). 9hm Fjn ap_lZljmcn n`mMj jmi-
bmiLnM il_pacmin\ imUljnfl Zl Upb[ imZlfnhn`pT Gljfnn. @in
hfnbmjmcXhjf^Mj im jpcX_p p inZ_p` ^epfim PnZin f Gljfnn, ip n ap-
_lZ[flMj, ilh_pcX_p YmZpjfmjhjfmiip bmThjfpflcn fhm aelfnjmcX-
hjfl n aemZnbmij[ Uph^blehjfl, apcnjnVmh_nm alejnn, nR
nZYnelfKnm n ^jfmePblfKnm. mThjfn\ aelfnjmcXhjfl Rlel_jmen-
Z^mj im_pàmjmijiphjX n pjh^jhjfnm apcnjnVmh_pT fpcn, cpYYnepfl-
inm nijmemhpf _e^aipUp _lanjlcl n `mhji[R «h_pephamc[R»
`nccnpimepf f ^JmeY nijmemhlìlepbl n Uph^blehjfl, `lhKjlYil\
_pee^aLn\, bmUelblLn\ h^bmYipT fclhjn n be^UnR aelfpZlJnji[R
56 ICG: ;I2@6;( 9 @,$#4B20
peUlipf Uph^blehjfl. mcp bpKcp bp jpUp, Vjp _ h^bmYipT pjfmj-
hjfmiiphjn aenfcm_lMjh\ ìpUnm pjfmjhjfmii[m Vnipfin_n Uph^-
blehjfmii[R hje^_j^e fp Uclfm hp han_mepÌmT`l G6.
IpLnlcnhjnVmh_l\ alejn\ Gljfnn im elZ il hfpnR h.mZblR n
_piDmemiLn\R pYelJlcl fin`linm il Fjn Dl_j[ n emZ_p nR ph^P-
blcl. ImUpbi\ mhjX fhm phipflin\ UpfpenjX p im`ni^m`p ilbfnUlM-
Jm`h\ hmeX>Zip` F_pip`nVmh_p` _enZnhm f Uph^blehjfm n
apcnjnVmh_pT imhjlYncXiphjn. @j.mZb c^VKmT Vlhjn elYpVnR, ham-
Lnlcnhjpf pYelZpflin\, il^_n n `mbnLni[ il elYpj^ Zl e^YmP mhjX
^Pm im jpcX_p aenZil_n, ip \fi[m Dl_j[ _enjnVmh_pT hnj^lLnn f
F_pip`n_m n apcnjn_m.
9 pjfmj il fhm Fjn imUljnfi[m \fcmin\ aelf\Jl\ apcnjnVmh_l\
Fcnjl haphpYil aembcpPnjX ilepb^ cnKX pVmembi[m pYmJlin\ «Pne-
i[R cmj» n elZcnVi[m bm`lUpUnVmh_nm acli[, _pjpe[m n`n Pm im f[-
apci\Mjh\. [c acli BlLnpilcXipUp elZfnjn\, acli YpeXY[ h
niDc\LnmT, jmameX Y^bmj acli hjlYncnZlLnn ilLnpilcXipUp elZfnjn\.
CpZbip, Uphapbl fclhjX aembmePlJnm! jn eli[, ilimh>ii[m fl`n
F_pip`n_m hjeli[, cmT_paclhj[em` f fnbm cnhjpV_pf h jm_hjl`n acl-
ipf im nZcmVnjX. B^Pi[ hmeX>Zi[m, pjfmjhjfmii[m, l im bm_cleljnf-
i[m, apcnjnVmh_nm n F_pip`nVmh_nm emKmin\. ImTVlh fl` bl>jh\
aphcmbinT Klih: ncn hepVip n pjfmjhjfmiip nhaelfnjX apcpPminm f
F_pip`n_m n apcnjn_m hjeli[, ncn il pVmembi[R f[YpelR ^hj^anjX
`mhjp ipf[àpcnjnVmh_n` hncl`, haphpYi[` nhaelfnjX apcpPminm.
, fclhjn f hjelim bpcPi[ aenTjn apcnjn_n n alejnn, _pjpe[m hmY\ im
Zla\jilcn apcnjnVmh_n`n h_liblcl`n n imh_piVlm`[`n «UmTjl`n»,
_pee^aLnmT, pj_epfmii[` n ilUc[`, YmZil_lZlii[àpaelinm` Zl_p-
ipf hpYhjfmiipT hjeli[. ;R _ fclhjn bpcPip aenfmhjn jp YpcXKnihjfp
ilhmcmin\ hjeli[, _jp aphjelblc pj imZl_pii[R «aenRfljnZlLnT» pY-
JmilepbipT hpYhjfmiiphjn, elZfpepf[flin\ Uph^blehjfl, ilUcpUp ap-
aelin\ aelf Vmcpfm_l n UelPblinil, VmT fm_pfpT ^_clb PnZin
ap_pcminT elZe^Kmi YmZb^ì[`n bmThjfn\`n apcnjn_pf, aenfmbKnR
GljfnM imapbUpjpfcmiipT f 4fepamTh_nT IpMZ n ilf\ZlfKnR fhj^a-
cminm f lUemhhnfi[T fpmii[T hpMZ B02@ YmZ hpfmjl h ilepbp`.
GljfnTh_pT apcnjn_m i^Pmi hncXi[T hpMZ cmf[R n cmfpLmij-
enhjh_nR hnc h YmhalejnTi[` pYmZbpcmii[` n pYemV>ii[ì[imK-
inèmPn`pìl inJmih_pm h^Jmhjfpflinm YpcXKnihjfpìlepbl.
jpj hpMZ impYRpbn`p hpZblfljX, fZelJnfljX n _emanjX fp n`\ hal-
hmin\ Gljfnn n m> ilepbl pj apZpel n f[`nelin\.
Iep_ hacpVmin\ cmfpLmijenhjpf n Knep_nR `lhh YmhalejnT-
i[R – f[Ype[ f `mhji[m hl`p^aelfcmin\ n 4fepamTh_nT alecl`mij
III C062;B0( ,@B464B!;( ICG 57
f 2009 Upb^ n f[Ype[ 10-Up ImT`l Gljfnn f 2010 Upb^, mhcn Fjp im
aepnZpTb>j eliXKm.
Iacpjn` n ^ìpPn` hfpn e\b[ fp n`\ halhmin\ @jmVmhjfl,
hl`nR hmY\ n Y^b^JnR ap_pcminT!
20 p_j\Ye\ 2007 Upbl
LV8XO%?Y=
III _piDmemiLnn IpLnlcnhjnVmh_pT alejnn Gljfnn
>LVIYQ V;YNUQHX OVH/) UYO OSQHYY
pb elYpj[ 9–Up ImT`l Gljfnn ap_lZlc fpZephKnm lfjpenjmj n
apbbmeP_^ ilhmcminm` cmf[R n cmfpLmijenhjh_nR alejnT Gljfnn,
fRpb\JnR f pY.mbniminm apcnjnVmh_nR peUlinZlLnT (alejnT)
«!mije hpUclhn\» (!I). @Y Fjp` _elhipemVnfp hfnbmjmcXhjf^Mj f[-
hp_nm emTjniUn apa^c\eiphjn !I hembn fhmR apcnjnVmh_nR hnc G6.
IpLnlcnhjnVmh_l\ alejn\ Gljfnn _l_ hphjlfil\ VlhjX !I f[-
hj^almj Zl hpReliminm n ^_emacminm paelfblfKmUp hmY\ apcnjnVm-
h_pUp pY.mbnimin\.
BmpYRpbn`p aphjp\iip ^c^VKljX fZln`pbmThjfnm `mPb^ fRp-
b\Jn`n f pY.mbniminm !I alejn\`n, _ppebnilLnM hpf`mhji[R
bmThjfnT. Blbp apìnjX, Vjp `[ – hncl, ap_l `[ f`mhjm.
BmpYRpbn`p jl_Pm aenfcm_ljX il hfpM hjpepi^ pYJmhjfmii[m
n `pcpb>Pi[m peUlinZlLnn cmfpT apcnjnVmh_pT penmijlLnn. @hp-
Ypm fin`linm hcmb^mj ^bmcnjX elYpjm h aepDhpMZl`n Gljfnn, f ap-
hcmbimm fem`\ ^hncnfKn`n hfpM bm\jmcXiphjX ap ZlJnjm
nijmemhpf je^bpfpUp ilepbl.
9 phipfm pY.mbnimin\ apcnjnVmh_nR peUlinZlLnT (alejnT)