4. I was reading when they entered the room.
5. I shall read this book.
6. I'll be reading the whole evening tomorrow.
7. I have already read this book.
8. He said he had read this book when a child.
9. I'll have read your report by Monday.
10. He has been reading a letter for half an hour.
11. She had been reading an article for half an hour when they came.
12. By the New Year he'll have been reading this book for two years.
1. They were writing a composition when the headmaster entered the classroom.
2. Do you often write letters? – Yes, I do.
3. They have already written a composition.
4. I will write you a letter.
5. I'll have written my report by Sunday.
6. By the end of the year he'll have been writing his thesis for 5 years.
7. They have been writing a composition for 2 hours.
8. They had been writing a composition for 2 hours when the headmaster entered the classroom.
9. What is she doing? – She is writing a composition.
10. She said that she had already written a composition.
11. I'll be writing my report from 5 till on Sunday.
12. He wrote a letter two days ago.
СЛОВАРЬ К УРОКУ 7
to stew –
[stju:] –still –
[stil] –since –
[sins] –how –
[hau] –long –
[loŋ] –how long? –
[hau loŋ] –to hurry (up) –
['hΛri] –to move –
[mu:v] –head master –
[hed 'mα:stə] –thesis –
['θi:sis] –УРОК 8
Страдательный (пассивный) залог (Passive Voice)
Итак, главное позади. Если материал предыдущих семи уроков понят и усвоен, Вам не сложно будет провести параллели между формами действительного (active)
и пассивного (passive) залогов.Passive Voice
(страдательный залог) обозначает, что подлежащее не выполняет действие, а испытывает на себе действие другого предмета.Страдательный залог образуется из вспомогательного глагола to be
в соответствующем времени и Participle II смыслового глагола.to discuss[В дополнительном грамматическом материале читайте информацию об инфинитиве.] –
Предлоги ‹by
› и ‹with› в Passive Voice.The letter is written by my brother
. (by – перед исполнителем действия)The letter is written with a pen
. (with – перед инструментом действия)В вопросительных предложениях вспомогательный глагол to be
ставится перед подлежащим:Is this work finished
? – Yes, it is.В отрицательных – частица ‹not
› ставится после вспомогательного глагола to be:The work is not finished yet
.Внимательно прочтите следующие пары предложений.
Инфинитив – to read
[ri:d]Past Indefinite – read
[red]Participle II – read
[red]Present Indefinite
1. They often read this book
. (Active Voice)This book is often read
. (Passive Voice)Past Indefinite
2. They read this book yesterday
. (Active Voice)This book was read yesterday
. (Passive Voice)