Wiki-Grammar of Lidepla

5.7. Indication of the aspect (if necessary):

a) en- (to begin): Poy (then) ta (he / she) en-gani (to begin to sing). – Then he / she begins / began singing.

b) ek- ("one time or suddenly"): Ela (she) ek-krai (to cry one time) turan (suddenly). – She gave a cry suddenly.

c) verb doubling (action takes some time or is repeated many times): Lu (he) go-go (go) pa (preposition of a wide meaning) shamba (room). – He paced up and down the room.

d) the adverb oltaim (the action is continuous or is repeting all the time): Lu (he) shwo (to say, to talk) oltaim. – He is talking all the time.

5.8. Passive: gei ("is being done")

- Me (I) zai (continuous marker) lekti (to read) sey (this) kitaba (book), also (so) it (it) gei lekti (to read). – I'm reading this book, so it is being read.

5.9. Participle:

a) -she (active)

- Me (I) zai (continuous marker) lekti (to read), me (I) es (is / are) lekti-she (reading). – I'm reading.

b) -ney (passive or past)

-Me (I) he (past tense marker) lekti (to read) sey (this) kitaba (book), it (it) es (is / are) yo (already) lekti-ney (read). – I have read this book, it is already read.

- Lu (he) yus he ("just") lai (to come), lu (he) es (is / are) yo (already) lai-ney (come). – He has just come.

5.10. Participle: -yen ("while doing")

- Me (I) zai (continuous marker) slu (to listen) kan-yen (looking at) yu (you). – I'm listening while looking at you.

5.11. Simultaneity: al

- Al vidi (to see) me (I) lu (he) ahfi (to hide) swa (oneself). – As soon as he sees me, he hides himself.

5.12. Succession of actions: afte (after)

- Afte vidi (to see) un (one) ves (time) yu (you) neva (never) fogeti (to forget). – After you see it once, you will never forget it.

6. Special verbs

6.1. fai (can substitute any verb): fai kama (bed) – to lie or to sleep in the bed

6.2. mah ("to cause"): mah sikin (knife) agude (sharp) – to sharpen the knife (= mah-agude sikin)

6.3. hev (to have), ye (there is), yok (there is no), walaa (here is)

- Me (I) hev (to have) dwa (two) kalam (pencil). – I have two pencils.

- Kalam (pencil) ye (there is), bat (but) papir (paper) yok (there is no). – There is a pencil, but there is no paper.

- Walaa may (my) shamba (room). – Here is my room.

6.4. Modal verbs.

a) Possibility, abilty: mog

- Me (I) mog zwo (to do) se (this). – I can do it.

- Bu (not) mog jivi (to live) sin (without) akwa (water). – One can't live without water.

b) Know how: janmog

- Me (I) janmog gani (to sing) hao (good, well). – I can sing well.

c) Permission: darfi

- Hir (here) bu (not) darfi fumi (to smoke). – One can't (isn't allowed to) smoke here.

d) Need: nidi

- Me (I) nidi chi (to eat) koysa (something) – I need to eat something.

e) Be obliged, have to: majbur

- En-pluvi (to begin to rain), me (I) majbur go (to go) a dom (home). – it has started to rain; I have to go home.

f) It is necessary; require: treba

- Treba fini (finish) til (till) aksham (evening). – It is necessary to finish till the evening.

g) Should: gai

- Bu (not) gai lanfai (to be lazy). – One shouldn't be lazy.

h) Must: mus

- Me (I) mus go (to go) a ofis (to the office). – I must go to the office.

i) Wish: yao

- Me (I) yao shwo (to talk) kun (with) yu (you). – I want to talk to you.

j) To like: pri

- Me (I) pri raki (to ride) bisikla (bicycle). – I like to ride a bicycle.

6.5. “Intensive” verbs (before another verb)

a) to succeed in doing: pai (to get)