2l_n` Y[c aepKmbKnT aphcm h.mZbl ilKmT alejnn Upb, jl-
_pfl ilKl elYpjl, ilKn pKnY_n n bphjnPmin\, jl_pfp ilKm fnbminm
Y^b^JmUp. 4hcn `[ Rpjn` PnjX f Gljfnn c^VKm, ilbp `mi\jX apcn-
jnVmh_^M Fcnj^ fclhjn, hcmb^mj fmei^jX ilepb^ fme^ f hfpn hnc[.
jp Uclfil\ ZlblVl ICG il YcnPlTKnm Upb[.
IalhnYp Zl fin`linm!
III C062;B0( ,@B464B!;( ICG 45
UXX
UD0:D@B: IF*J@J!D40F F 4F&D@B
UF#JB*J4@J!D40F. "B:@JJ OB@&JJ S. 'F* F&B
I I "B:@J.+F. 0F+D:D+#JJ UIO
20 p_j\Ye\ 2007 Upbl
UXHLV2VNN/7 LS
ILX
pepUnm jpflenJn!
( ilVi^ hfpm f[hj^acminm h _elj_pT Rlel_jmenhjn_n hje^_j^e[
je^bpf[R hnc Gljfnn. Cp blii[` # f 2006 Upb^ _pcnVmhjfp Pnjm-
cmT F_pip`nVmh_n l_jnfipUp fpZelhjl hphjlfc\cp 1.126 j[h\V Vmcp-
fm_, l f nMim 2007 Upbl ^Pm 1.108 j[h\V Vmcpfm_. 2pcX_p nZ FjnR
LnDè[ fnbn`, Vjp Zl imapci[T Upb apjme\cn apVjn 20 j[h\V el-
Ypjin_pf. ; Fjp Zl hVmj pYJmUp hjlemin\ ilhmcmin\, pVmiX inZ_pT
epPblm`phjn n f[hp_pT h`mejiphjn. $Pm hmTVlh pJ^Jlmjh\ imbp-
hjljp_ elYpVmT hnc[ f aepnZfpbhjfmiipT hDmem, n Fjp aen ^hcpfnn,
Vjp nbmj pjjp_ elYpjin_pf f hDme^ pYhc^Pnflin\ n jpeUpfcn.
9 jp Pm fem`\ aepbpcPlmj phjlfljXh\ f[hp_n` ^epfmiX YmZel-
YpjnL[ n il _pimL 2006 Upbl – pi hphjlfnc 6,8%. CenVmìlnYpcmm
f[hp_ f GljUlcXh_pèmUnpim – 14,4%, l f elTpilR – G^bZmih_p` n
6mZm_imih_p` mJ> f[Km – 22%. Bln`miXKmm _pcnVmhjfp YmZelYpj-
i[R f 6nUm n aenenPh_nR elTpilR pj 3,8 bp 5,2 aepLmijl.
9 75% ZlemUnhjenepflii[R f Gljfnn aembaen\jnT elYpjlmj bp 9
Vmcpfm_ n ZbmhX im ^Vjmi[ hl`pZli\j[m amehpi[, hmcXRpZ n e[Yp-
cpfmL_nm nibnfnb^lcXi[m RpZ\Thjfl. jp `n_epaembaen\jn\. Bm
`mimm 20% – `mc_nm, 4% hembinm n jpcX_p 1% – Fjp _e^ai[m aemb-
aen\jn\. 9 `mc_nR, `n_ep n hembinR aembaen\jn\R Zli\jp 70% el-
YpjlMJnR n pin blMj f pYJm` 63% ilKmUp 99C.
l aphcmbinm 15–16 cmj Gljfn\ nZ _pUbl–jp F_pip`nVmh_n elZfn-
jpT emha^Ycn_n Y[fKmUp Ipfmjh_pUp IpMZl aemfeljnclhX f hclYpelZ-
fnjpm, Pnf^Jmm Zl hVmj p_lZlin\ hmefnhi[R ^hc^U n f[fpZl
YmZPlcphjip f[e^Ylm`pT bemfmhni[ – phipfipUp hfpmUp YpUljhjfl –
Uph^blehjfp.
Cphcm fhj^acmin\ f 4Ì[ aepbpcPlm` jme\jX hfpn aepnZfpb\-
Jnm aembaen\jn\: ^Pm imj hlRleipT pjelhcn; fh_pem `pPmàpjme\jX
n e[YpcpfmL_^M, n hf\Zlii^M h imT amemelYlj[flMJ^M pjelhcn.
46 ICG: ;I2@6;( 9 @,$#4B20
CepPnjpVi[T `nin`^`, elhhVnj[flm`[T Uph^blehjfp`, elhj>j,
hmTVlh ^Pm 132,5 cljl, Vjp im ap_e[flmj i^Pb[ apc^VlMJnR hemb-
inm ZlelYpji[m aclj[ n hembinm amihnn.
9 jp Pm fem`\ pVmiX f[hp_l bpc\ «hmepT» F_pip`n_n; il e\bm
aembaen\jnT elYpjin_n apc^VlMj ZlelYpjlii^M aclj^ ncn VlhjX m>
f _pifmejlR. ;Z-Zl FjpUp elYpjin_ jme\mj YpcXK^M VlhjX hfpnR hp-
LnlcXi[R UlelijnT.
,lanjlc, hephKnTh\ h _pee^ànepflii[` VnipfinVmhjfp` n _en-
`nilcnjmjp`, f phipfip` ZlfmeKnc impYRpbn`[m bc\ hmY\ aempYel-
Zpflin\ f F_pip`n_m n apcnjn_m, f_pimL pYilUcmc pj YmZil_lZliiphjn
n hclYpUp hpaepjnfcmin\, fpfhM _e^Knj hpLnlcXi^M hDme^. lPm bl-
cm_nm pj apcnjn_n cMbn apin`lMj, Vjp `nZmei[m nibm_hlLnn amihnT,
hinPminm hpLnlcXi[R UlelijnT – phpYmiip f `mbnLnim (apf[Kminm
alLnmijh_nR fZiphpf, hinPminm paclj ap _pàmihne^m`[` `mbn_l-
`mijl`) ilnYpcmm hncXip ^blenj ap YpcXKnihjf^ hjleKmUp ap_pcm-
in\, aphjlfnj mUp il UeliX DnZnVmh_pUp nhVmZipfmin\.
IpfmeKmiip \hip, Vjp phjlipfnjX jl_pm _ljlhjepDnVmh_pm elZ-
fnjnm hpY[jnT apb hnc^ jpcX_p hacpVmiip`^, RpepKp peUlinZpfli-
ip`^ n phpZilfKm`^ hfpM hnc^ elYpVm`^ _clhh^, fp Uclfm _pjpepUp
bpcPil fhjljX RpepKp peUlinZpfliil\, hncXil\ h hncXipT aepUel`-
`pM alejn\. B[iVm fhm VlJm hc[Knjh\ ^jfmePbminm, Vjp ^ ilh imj
elYpVmUp _clhhl n Y^eP^lZil\ aepalUlibl bmclmj fhm, Vjp Y[ inZ-
fmhjn mUp epcX bp i^c\. B[imKimm hphjp\inm F_pip`n_n pY.-
\fc\mjh\ aphjnib^hjenlcXipT FapRpT, niDpèlLnpiipT FepT, f
_pjpepT aep`[Kcmiip`^ aepcmjlenlj^ im `mhjp. ; f bp_lZljmcX-
hjfp aenfpb\jh\ LnDe[ p hp_elJminn aepcmjlenljl n ephjl Vnhcl
Zli\j[R f hDmem ^hc^U.
Ipfem`mii[T elYpVnT _clhh im pUelinVnflmjh\ ilmì[`n el-
Ypjin_l`n, imaphembhjfmiip Zli\j[`n il aep`[Kcmiipàep-
nZfpbhjfm. CepUemhh im hjpnj il `mhjm, ipfmTKnm jmRipcpUnn
f[hfpYpPblMj elYpVnm e^_n. Bl^Vip-jmRinVmh_l\ emfpcMLn\ elh-
Kne\mj api\jnm lijnY^eP^lZi[R hnc. @Uepìl\ lèn\ il^VipUp, ni-
PmimeipUp, aemapblfljmcXh_pUp _pea^hl f hpfem`mii[R ^hcpfn\R
F_hac^ljne^mjh\ im `miXKm. Bp pin pVmiX Vlhjp im phpZilMj hmY\
_l_ F_hac^ljne^m`[T mbni[T _clhh.
,lanjlc nZilVlcXip hjelfcnflmj `mPb^ hpYpT elYpjin_pf elZ-
i[R pjelhcmT, l Vlhjp fi^jen pbipUp aembaen\jn\. ,peapeljnfil\
elZbmc>iiphjX, pYphpYcmiiphjX cMbmT, penmijnepfliil\ il cnVi[T
ncn Ue^aapfpT-_clhhpf[T nijmemh, \fc\mjh\ jpèpZp` _pihpcnbl-
Lnn hnc je^b\JnRh\ aepjnf _lanjlcnhjnVmh_pUp ^Uimjmin\.
III C062;B0( ,@B464B!;( ICG 47
@VmiX flPip bpimhjn bp `lhh aephj^M nhjni^: pUepì[T hcpT
cMbmT, Pnf^JnR Zl VmejpT Ymbiphjn, il Dpim `nDnVmh_pUp apb.m`l